Soch ke dekhiye ki ek stage par play ho raha hai. Is play mein ek hero hai jo saare kaam karta hai. Spotlight hamesha usi par rehti hai. Lekin, kya ho agar director spotlight hero se hatakar uss व्यक्ति par daal de jis par kaam ka asar ho raha hai? Play wahi rahega, par focus badal jayega.

Grammar mein Voice bilkul yahi kaam karta hai. Yeh batata hai ki sentence ka hero (Subject) kaam kar raha hai (active) ya kaam ka asar us par ho raha hai (passive).

1. Active Voice (कर्तृवाच्य): Ismein sentence ka hero, yaani Subject, khud kaam karta hai. Spotlight Subject par hoti hai. Zyadatar sentences Active Voice mein hi hote hain.

• Example: Ram killed Ravan. (राम ने रावण को मारा।)

  • Hero/Doer: Ram (Spotlight Ram par hai)

  • Action: killed

  • Receiver: Ravan

2. Passive Voice (कर्मवाच्य): Ismein sentence ka hero woh hota hai jis par kaam ka asar hota hai (Object). Spotlight Object par chali jaati hai aur original hero (Subject) side-role mein chala jaata hai.

• Example: Ravan was killed by Ram. (रावण राम के द्वारा मारा गया।)

  • Hero/Receiver: Ravan (Spotlight Ravan par hai)

  • Action: was killed

  • Doer: by Ram

Baat ek hi hai, bas kehne ka andaaz aur focus alag hai.

Why use Passive Voice? (Passive Voice क्यों इस्तेमाल करें?)

Aap sochenge ki jab Active Voice seedha-saadha hai, toh Passive Voice ki kya zaroorat? Passive Voice bahut kaam ka hai jab:

1. Jab Kaam (Action) zyada important ho, kaam karne wala (Doer) nahi:

   • The road is being repaired. (सड़क की मरम्मत की जा रही है।)

   • (Kaun kar raha hai, yeh zaroori nahi hai. Sadak theek ho rahi hai, yeh zaroori hai.)

2. Jab Kaam karne wala (Doer) anjaan ho ya sabko pata ho:

   • My phone has been stolen. (मेरा फोन चोरी हो गया है।) (Kisne churaya, pata nahi).

   • The thief was arrested. (चोर को गिरफ्तार कर लिया गया।) (Zaahir hai, police ne kiya hoga).

3. Scientific ya formal writing mein:

   • The water was heated to 100°C. (पानी को 100°C तक गर्म किया गया।)

The Golden Rules: Active से Passive बदलने के नियम

Active sentence ko Passive mein badalna ek game ki tarah hai. Bas 4 simple rules yaad rakhein:

Rule 1: अदला-बदली (The Object Swap) Active Voice ka Object, Passive Voice ka Subject ban jaata hai.

• Active: He reads a book.

• Passive: A book…

Rule 2: Verb ki Third Form (V3) Passive Voice mein hamesha Main Verb ki 3rd Form (Past Participle) hi istemal hoti hai.

• Active: He reads a book.

• Passive: A book is read…

Rule 3: Helping Verb ka Tadka Naye subject ke baad Tense ke anusaar ek Helping Verb (is/am/are, was/were, has/have/had, been, being) zaroor lagta hai. Yahi sabse important hai. (Neeche table dekhein).

• Active: He reads a book. (Simple Present)

• Passive: A book is read…

Rule 4: ‘By’ ka Istemal Active Voice ka Subject, Passive Voice mein Object ban jaata hai aur uske pehle aksar ‘by’ lagta hai.

• Active: He reads a book.

• Passive: A book is read by him. (He ka him ho jaata hai).

Tense Conversion Table (The Magic Table)

Yeh table aapko batayegi ki alag-alag tenses mein helping verb kaise lagana hai.

“Life is 10% what happens to you and 90% how you react to it.” (ज़िन्दगी 10% वो है जो आपके साथ होता है, और 90% वो है कि आप उस पर प्रतिक्रिया कैसे करते हैं।) – Charles R. Swindoll