Tenses – Definition, Rules, Charts & Examples
What is Tense?
Tense shows the time of an action—past, present, or future.
English में 3 tenses होते हैं और हर tense के 4 forms = कुल 12 tenses।
1. Present Tense
1️⃣ Present Indefinite (Simple Present)
✔ Formula:
Subject + V1 + object
He/She/It + V1 + s/es
✔ Uses:
Daily routine
Universal truth
Habit
✔ Examples:
I play football.
She reads a book every day.
The sun rises in the east.
2️⃣ Present Continuous
✔ Formula:
Subject + is/am/are + V1 + ing
✔ Uses:
Action happening now
✔ Examples:
I am studying.
They are playing cricket.
She is cooking food.
3️⃣ Present Perfect
✔ Formula:
Subject + has/have + V3
✔ Examples:
I have finished my work.
She has written a letter.
4️⃣ Present Perfect Continuous
✔ Formula:
Subject + has/have been + V1 + ing + since/for
✔ Examples:
I have been studying for 2 hours.
He has been working since morning.
2. Past Tense
1️⃣ Past Indefinite (Simple Past)
✔ Formula:
Subject + V2 + object
✔ Examples:
I met him yesterday.
She went to school.
2️⃣ Past Continuous
✔ Formula:
Subject + was/were + V1 + ing
✔ Examples:
He was sleeping.
They were playing.
3️⃣ Past Perfect
✔ Formula:
Subject + had + V3
✔ Examples:
I had completed the work.
She had left before I arrived.
4️⃣ Past Perfect Continuous
✔ Formula:
Subject + had been + V1 + ing + since/for
✔ Examples:
He had been waiting for 2 hours.
They had been studying since morning.
3. Future Tense
1️⃣ Future Indefinite
✔ Formula:
Subject + will/shall + V1
✔ Examples:
I will go to the market.
She will call you.
2️⃣ Future Continuous
✔ Formula:
Subject + will be + V1 + ing
✔ Examples:
I will be waiting for you.
They will be playing.
3️⃣ Future Perfect
✔ Formula:
Subject + will have + V3
✔ Examples:
I will have finished my work by evening.
4️⃣ Future Perfect Continuous
✔ Formula:
Subject + will have been + V1 + ing + since/for
✔ Examples:
She will have been studying for 3 hours.
Complete Tense Chart (Ready for Website)
| Tense | Formula | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Present Indefinite | S + V1(+s/es) | She writes. |
| Present Continuous | S + is/am/are + V1+ing | I am reading. |
| Present Perfect | S + has/have + V3 | He has eaten. |
| Present Perfect Continuous | S + has/have been + V1+ing | I have been working. |
| Past Indefinite | S + V2 | She went. |
| Past Continuous | S + was/were + V1+ing | They were playing. |
| Past Perfect | S + had + V3 | He had left. |
| Past Perfect Continuous | S + had been + V1+ing | She had been crying. |
| Future Indefinite | S + will + V1 | I will help. |
| Future Continuous | S + will be + V1+ing | He will be coming. |
| Future Perfect | S + will have + V3 | She will have finished. |
| Future Perfect Continuous | S + will have been + V1+ing | He will have been working. |